Effects of Artificial Intelligence on the Indian Legal System

Table Of Content

Abstract
Introduction
Advantages of Artificial Intelligence in Legal Profession
Legal Challenges with Artificial Intelligence
Impact on Legal Profession
Challenges in Adoption of AI
Solutions to Overcome these Challenges
Conclusion
References

Abstract

If anything could be the 1^st intangible wonder ever made in 21^st century is the Artificial Intelligence, without any doubt. It can perform several tasks that asks for human efforts and skills. As it is backed by machine learning, AI has become very popular & necessary instrument that is impacting our daily livelihood in a positive way. It works by collecting numerous data from various sources and works equally at par with the human labour. AI has gained its popularity mostly after the Covid-19 and since then the Indian legal system is putting continuous efforts to adapt it wisely.

AI has been able to revolutionize every service sector which also includes the legal service applications that easily replaces long paperwork and data management of clients and cases. At a Global Stage it has positively transformed the legal system of various nations providing them with the necessary information like meetings, case laws, case status etc that previously required human interference. Having a potentially advanced mechanism it has eased the way of living for many lawyers who have successfully inducted it in their daily life.

To reduce the probable negative effects of AI, it is mandatory that all users take active interest and participation in the meetings that covers Artificial Intelligence.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, machine learning, data management, human labour, advanced mechanism.

I. Introduction

A rapidly growing man-made technology that can easily outperform the human efforts to complete any particular task. Few Examples are like ChatGPT, Google Assistant etc. According to John McCarthy "It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable.” It can be defined as an advanced robotic mechanism that has comparatively more human intelligence.

It has genuinely transformed every service sector and the legal sector is no way behind to adapt it. Throughout the Globe, Legal Industry have experienced rapid growth and technological advancement due the AI implementation in their day-to-day work. Everything is open to all nowadays and can be replaced by technology easily except the experience and judgement that can only be given using human knowledge and ability. According to experts, over a million jobs in the legal sector will be replaced AI by the next half decade. The amendments or rather upgradations in the AI are ultra-fast and in no time, it could do that critical works which are extremely laborious.

II. Advantages of Artificial Intelligence in Legal Profession

Artificial intelligence is gaining traction in the legal profession, with software available to automate repetitive and time-consuming tasks. Artificial intelligence automates repetitive tasks for lawyers, saving them time and also assist them in focusing on crucial issues. A substantial amount of data is processed using complex algorithms by AI. The AI can learn from patterns and features in the data thanks to these methods. The system "learns" from its experiences and becomes more adept at making correct predictions or judgments as it processes more data over time.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed a number of industries in the modern era, including healthcare, banking, and—most recently—the legal field. It provides hitherto unachievable levels of efficiency, speed, and insights. Artificial Intelligence is altering the legal field by transforming the way legal practitioners work, manage cases, and supervise judicial systems.

Online Legal Research:

It takes practically a lot of time on legal research and the new generation lawyers takes comparatively more time than veteran professionals to conduct the same research. AI generated tools are well effective to solve this particular issue by helping them to prepare arguments with correct case information as a deep & quality research plays an effective role in winning the case for legal professionals.

Due Diligence:

The legal professionals' principal responsibility is to confirm the facts on behalf of their clients. The information they provide to clients determines whether they can proceed with the lawsuit. Due diligence is an exhausting procedure that generates advantageous results in the long haul. The use of an artificial intelligence system allows for faster completion of the same task. Artificial intelligence assesses data and evaluates previous decisions in identical circumstances. It aids in offering excellent counselling to their clients.

Probability:

In general clients prefers to ask for probable outcomes of the particular case after initial meetings with the lawyers and in this scenario, AI plays the crucial role in predicting the probable outcome after evaluating the precedents, judicial opinions, orders based on the similar circumstances. This not only helps the clients to understand about their case but the lawyers also, where they should focus more to enhance the chance of judgement in their favour.

Analysis:

Examining and analysing the contents throughout a file takes a lot of time. Lawyers are more productive when they evaluate documents in the correct sequence with the help of Artificial Intelligence software. Software with artificial intelligence identifies documents which constitute a high risk.

Draft Preparation:

Applications that use artificial intelligence technology can evaluate contracts and other documents that businesses sign in addition to case files. The majority of a law firm's duties involve reviewing the contracts that their clients sign. They determine the dangers or problems associated with the contract and modify those sections in accordance with their clients' demands.

IPR Application:

It is a fact that the process of filing an Intellectual Property Rights involves lot of documents scanning and it is indeed a tedious job. Using an AI tool just to run the same process in very less time is very much beneficial for the IP Lawyers and thus it is evident that the demand of AI Applications has surged in the past few years between the legal fraternity.

III. Legal Challenges with Artificial Intelligence

Indeed, AI is one of the greatest technological advancements in 21^st century but it also has a negative impact all over the world. It uses big data & collective information to generate a significant result for its users and hence, countries with strict legal systems have faced various issues with the tech giants. Moreover, there is no way back for it and as the day passes, it seems that the issues with AI will increase parallel with the software development. With these challenges, it is worth mentioning that the jobs with human efforts are at stake and it will create significant losses for the employees while improving the profit margin for the businessman.

IV. Impact on Legal Profession

The service sector in India has been labour intensive always specially in legal system due to its type of service for the general public. Perhaps, Supreme court have already digitised its case record system that supported the law firms to adopt AI with ease. The growing volume of litigation is currently placing a heavy pressure on India's court. Furthermore, there is an increasing need for systemic transparency. The court has acknowledged these difficulties and noted that artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to be a transformational technology.

Chief Justice D.Y. Chandrachud's reign stands out in particular for the judiciary's use of technical innovations. His proactive stance, which highlights the requirement that high courts make online filings and video conferencing accessible, is a major step in the right approach toward reforming the Indian judicial system. These measures exhibit a clear understanding that, in today's judiciary, technology is not only a convenience but also a need. The adaptation of AI brought some evident changes in the principles of law firms in India:

Innovations:

AI changed the pricing method in dealing with clients from fixed rate to performance-based pricing which helps the client to check the case status and the performance of that particular firm in handling the case.

Revenue Generation:

Reduction in human involvement to deal with cases has significantly reduced the operating cost and shifted the focused on profit maximization.

Growth:

An advancement in legal technology was made possible by the use of computers in contract drafting, which raised the bar for attorneys. In certain legal businesses, innovation is still not fully utilized. Programming with artificial intelligence will boost performance in legal firms. It could end up in lower costs while boosting the maximum benefits.

Brand Value:

Legal firms have to prioritize their client base. Future legal offices will concentrate on establishing their brand. It would focus on making the workplace becoming more of a key and investing in innovative approaches.

Facilitating Case Handling:

Artificial Intelligence assists in organizing and sorting cases as well as scheduling hearings. Consider a massive stack of files and documents. Artificial intelligence (AI) can quickly scan through them and arrange them logically. As a result, backlogs can be cleared faster by handling cases.

Helping with Legal Research:

AI is like a lightning-fast reader when it involves researching laws, quickly sifting through a ton of documents. It may locate pertinent data, cases, and precedents, which aids in the better comprehension of each case by judges and attorneys. Having this assistance is essential for making informed legal judgments.

V. Challenges in Adoption of AI

The legal system benefits greatly from AI, yet there are drawbacks and moral quandaries as well. There are worries about possible biases when computers are used in court proceedings. This emphasizes how important it is to have openness and oversight when using AI in the legal system. Ensuring that the technology is devoid of built-in biases is one of the major hurdles in adopting AI in the judiciary. Artificial intelligence (AI) systems make conclusions based on data, and if this data is distorted, the AI may reinforce existing disparities. As a result, it is crucial to conduct a thorough analysis of the data used to train AI systems and to put strong safeguards in place to avoid biased results.

VI. Solutions to overcome these Challenges

With the increasing use of AI in courts, it is critical to establish clear guidelines to ensure its ethical and fair usage. These regulations function as recommendations that ensure AI supports the legal system without endangering anyone or promoting unfairness.

Ensuring the Fair and Ethical Use of AI:

Although AI has great potential, its implementation must respect the rights of all people. The regulations should ensure that AI makes decisions that are transparent and easy to understand, and that it does not favour any one group over another.

Building Trust:

The AI implemented in courts must be trusted by the public. This confidence arises from having an understanding that rigorous rules exist for governing AI.

Mandatory Regulations:

These guidelines should apply to the creation and application of AI. They need to make sure that the data, which is used to train AI, is impartial and fairly represents all individuals. In order to eliminate any doubt about how AI arrives at its findings, the rules should also explicitly state how it makes decisions.

VII. Conclusion

There shall be no declination of AI usage in the near future and AI will intend to grow in the upcoming years. In the meantime, we should definitely put labour on the advancement of AI and its application in the legal industry but our prime concentration must be on the benefits of the common public at large. Artificial intelligence has assisted small legal firms and professionals by allowing them access to tools and information. It's putting them on level with credible legal businesses in terms of resources. Legal research is becoming the most crucial component of practicing law because to technology. The development of technology facilitates the speedy and effective completion of legal tasks by attorneys. This is not an indication that technology will replace the role of attorneys. Despite the Indian judiciary has been hesitant about adopting digital technology and artificial intelligence, it is now beginning to understand the advantages of these innovations. If the government decides to establish usage guidelines, it will benefit the legal sector.

VIII. References

1. Gunashekher Raj, Use of AI for legal services in India, CAM pioneers, 2017

2. Biresaw, Samuel. (2022). The Impacts of Artificial Intelligence on Research in the Legal Profession. International Journal of Law and Society. 5. 53-65.

3. Dr. Inderpreet Kaur and (Late) Mr. Chander Gopal Puri, Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Legal Industry, 4 (2) IJLMH